Fig 1: Detection of in-situ and exosomal INSM1 expression and their association with INF-PitNEt diagnostic. (A) Representative images of tissue microarray (TMA) analysis for INSM1, HSPA2, and CDK6 protein expression in NNF and INF samples. INSM1 exhibit specific nuclear immunostaining while HSPA2 and CDK6 display both nuclear and cytoplasmic staining. Original magnification, 200x or 400x; Bar, 200 µm. (B) Distribution of INSM1, HSPA2, and CDK6 staining in NF- PitNEt samples. (C) The score was obtained by computing staining intensity (0-3) and the proportion of pituitary cells stained for each intensity to give a value between 0 and 300. (D) ROC curve showing the true positive and false positive rates for INSM1 immunohistochemical staining. (E) Representative transmission images of purified exosomes using the negative staining method. (F) Serum-exosomal INSM1 mRNA relative expression in NNF compared with INF samples. *P < 0.05, ****P < 0.0001, Mann-Whitney U test.